|
The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) is a 2000 United Nations-sponsored multilateral treaty against transnational organized crime. The Convention was adopted by a resolution of the United Nations General Assembly on November 15, 2000, with the aim of promoting cross-border cooperation in tackling organized crime.() The UNTOC is also known as the Palermo Convention, obtaining three protocols, known as Palermo Protocols: () * Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children * Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea, and Air. * Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing and Trafficking in Firearms The Convention came into force on September 29, 2003. As of January 2015, it has 185 parties,() which includes 180 United Nations member states, the Cook Islands, the Holy See, Niue, the State of Palestine, and the European Union. The 13 UN member states that are ''not'' party to the Convention are: ( * indicates that the state has signed but not ratified the Convention) == Background == The United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime entered into force on 29 September 2003, on the ninetieth day after the date of deposit of the fortieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, in accordance with its article 38. With each protocol requiring the same number of parties for entry into force, the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, entered into force on 25 of December 2003; the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, entered into force on 28 January 2004; and the Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition, entered into force on 3 July 2005. () 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|